For example, scientists from Microsoft, ETH Zurich, and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have recently presented a new automated workflow to leverage the scale of Azure to transform R&D processes in quantum chemistry and materials science. The rise of classical compute capabilities in the cloud can help scientists solve quantum mechanical problems todayĪn incredible benefit of the rise of classical public cloud services is that scientists are able to achieve more at lower costs right now through the power of the cloud. Clearly, this type of scale is only enabled by the cloud, making Azure both a key enabler and differentiator of Microsoft’s strategy to bring quantum at scale to the world. Then for the machine to be fault tolerant, only a few grains of sand out of every grain of sand on earth could be faulty. To put this number into perspective, imagine each operation was a grain of sand. You may be surprised with this throughput requirement, but what fault tolerance means for quantum computing at scale is that a machine has to be able to perform a quintillion operations while making at most one error. At every logical clock cycle of the quantum computer, we need this back and forth with classical computers to keep the quantum computer “alive” and yielding a reliable output solution. In fact, to achieve fault tolerance, our quantum machine will be integrated with peta-scale classical compute in Azure and be able to handle bandwidths between quantum and classical that exceed 10-100 terabits per second. While our unique topological qubit design will greatly enhance our machine’s fault tolerance, advanced software and tremendous compute power will still be required to keep the machine stable. Achieving fault tolerance requires advanced error correction techniques, which basically means making logical qubits from physical qubits. A driving force of this design is the reality that the power of the cloud is required to run a fault-tolerant quantum machine. Microsoft is making progress on a machine capable of this scale every day.Ī fundamental part of our plan to reach scale is to integrate our quantum machine alongside supercomputing classical machines in the cloud. Based on what we know today-largely through our resource estimation work, a machine capable of solving such problems will require at least one million stable and controllable qubits. Quantum at scale is required for scientists to help solve the hardest, most intractable problems our society faces, like reversing climate change and addressing food insecurity. The power of the cloud will unlock scaled quantum computing In essence, AI, high-performance computing, and quantum are being co-designed as part of Azure, and this integration will have an impact in three important and surprising ways in the future. At Microsoft, we are architecting a public cloud with Azure that enables scaled quantum computing to become a reality and then seamlessly delivers the profound benefits of it to our customers. However, our industry is just starting to grapple with, and design for, the future of hybrid classical and quantum compute at scale in the public cloud. In fact, it was a key discussion point during this week’s annual American Physical Society (APS) March Meeting in Las Vegas. The quantum industry has long understood that quantum computing will always be a hybrid of classical and quantum compute. For computational problems that require closely modeling the phenomena of quantum physics, quantum computers will complement classical computers, creating a hybrid architecture that leverages the best characteristics of each design. Even though it will continue to advance, there are certain problems it will never be able to solve. ![]() Now, researchers can begin developing hybrid quantum applications with a mix of classical and quantum code together that run on one of today’s quantum machines, Quantinuum, in Azure Quantum.Ĭlassical computing has come a long way over the past century to be extraordinarily versatile and has transformed every industry. This new functionality enables quantum and classical compute to integrate seamlessly together in the cloud-a first for our industry and an important step forward on our path to quantum at scale. ![]() ![]() Today, Microsoft announced a significant quantum advancement and made our new Integrated Hybrid feature in Azure Quantum available to the public.
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